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  • 冷凝器腐蚀的原因及保护
  • 本站编辑:杭州佳桐电器科技有限公司发布日期:2022-02-14 14:43 浏览次数:
    冷凝器的材料一般以碳钢、不锈钢和铜为主,其中碳钢材质的管板在作为冷却器使用时,其管板与列管的焊缝经常出现腐蚀泄漏,泄漏物进入冷却水系统会造成污染环境及物料的浪费。
    冷凝器在制作时,管板与列管的焊接一般采用手工电弧焊,焊缝形状存在不同程度的缺陷,如凹陷、气孔、夹渣等,焊缝应力的分布也不均匀。使用时管板部分与工业冷却水接触,而工业冷却水中的杂质、盐类、气体、微生物都会构成对管板和焊缝的腐蚀。研究表明,工业水无论是淡水还是海水,都会有各种离子和溶解的氧气,其中氯离子和氧的浓度变化,对金属的腐蚀形状起重要作用。另外,金属结构的复杂程度也会影响腐蚀形态。因此,管板与列管焊缝的腐蚀以孔蚀和缝隙腐蚀为主。从外观看,管板表面会有许多腐蚀产物和积沉物,分布着大小不等泡。以海水为介质时,还会产生电偶腐蚀。双金属腐蚀也是管板腐蚀的一种常见现象。
    针对冷凝器防腐问题,西方多采用高分子复合材料的方法进行保护,其中应用比较多的是各种技术产品。其具有优异的粘着性能及抗温、抗化学腐蚀性能,在封闭的环境里可以安全使用而不会收缩,特别是良好的隔离双金属腐蚀和耐冲刷性能,从根本上杜了修复部位的腐蚀渗漏,为冷凝器提供一个长久的保护涂层。

Condenser is mainly made of carbon steel, stainless steel and copper. When carbon steel tube plate is used as cooler, corrosion leakage often occurs in the weld between tube plate and tube, and leakage into cooling water system will cause environmental pollution and waste of materials.

In the production of condenser, manual arc welding is generally used for the welding of tubeplate and tube row. There are different degrees of defects in the shape of weld, such as depression, porosity, slag inclusion, etc., and the distribution of weld stress is not uniform. In use, tubesheet part is in contact with industrial cooling water, and impurities, salts, gases and microorganisms in industrial cooling water will constitute corrosion of tubesheet and weld. Studies show that industrial water, whether fresh or seawater, will have a variety of ions and dissolved oxygen, among which the change of chloride ion and oxygen concentration plays an important role in the corrosion shape of metal. In addition, the complexity of metal structure also affects the corrosion morphology. Therefore, the corrosion of tube plate and tube weld is mainly pitting and crevice corrosion. From the outside, there will be a lot of corrosion products and sediment on the surface of the tube plate, and there are different sizes of bubbles. With seawater as the medium, galvanic corrosion can also occur. Bimetal corrosion is also a common phenomenon of tubesheet corrosion.

In view of the condenser anticorrosion problem, western countries mostly adopt the method of polymer composite materials for protection, among which various technical products are more widely used. It has excellent adhesion ability, temperature resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. It can be used safely in a closed environment without shrinkage. In particular, it has good isolation of bimetal corrosion and scouring resistance, which fundamentally reduces the corrosion leakage of the repair part and provides a long-term protective coating for the condenser.